Manufacture of rayon



Jan. 11, 1944.

A. L. JACKSON 2,338,722

MANUFACTURE OF RAYON Filed Feb. '3, 1943 3 Sheets-Sheet l Jrlwrl.Jaclyn];

Jan. 11, 1944. A. JACKSON MANUFACTURE OF RAYON Filed Feb, 3, 1945 3Sheets-Sheet 2 Jan, 11, 1944. A. L. JACKSON 'MANUFACTURE OF RAYON FiledFeb. 5, 1943 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Jan. 11, 1944 Arthur L. Jackson,

West Asheville, N. 0., assignor to American Enka Corporation, Erika, N.0., a corporation of Delaware Application February 3, 1943, Serial No.474,576

Claims.

This application constitutes a continuation-inpart of my applicationsSerial No. 350,215, filed August 3, 1940, and Serial No. 397,793, filedJune 12, 1941.

The present invention relates to the production conjunction with themanufacture of rayon by the bobbin spinning process.

In the manufacture of rayon according to the bobbin spinning process,freshly formed filaments are led directly from a spinning bath to aspinning bobbin on which they are wound in successive layers until apackage of suitable size has been prepared. Ordinarily the bobbin isrotated and the yarn i laid up thereon in longitudinal courses by atraverse mechanism. Rayon yarn, after having been so prepared in packageform is not yet, however, in finished condition, but must be latersubjected to a number of aftertreatments such as washing,desulphurizing. bleaching and drying. According to conventional practiceanyor all of these after-treatments may be accomplished while the yarnis still in package form as originally wound on the bobbin, a hollowperforated spinning bobbin being employed so that the package of yarnmay be placed in either a pressure or vacuum system in which treatingliquids are forced radially through the perforations in the bobbin andthrough the yarn body wound thereon.

In commercial practice of the above process, two problems arecontinuously present. One of these is the production of a package havingsatisfactory washing qualities, while the other i concerned with theweight and diameter of the package. Since the character of the finishedproduct largely depends upon the uniformity of aftertreatment, it isevident that the washing qualities of .the package cannot be sacrificedin the interest of greater weight despite the fact that a heavy packageinvolves the inherent advantage of reducing the amount of handling perpound of yarn produced.

In my said application Serial No. 350,215, many of the'washing problemsencountered in bobbin spinning of rayon are satisfactorily solved evenwhere the thread is collected in package form under high tension.However. the process and apparatus of said application is particularlyconcerned with the production of a package havin conical ends.

It has long been recognized that enormous savings could be effected inthe production of rayon if it were possible to produce and efficientlyaftertreat a large diameter package of truly cylindrical form, the endsof which would lie in a plane normal to its axis. Such packages,however, have not heretofore been deemed feasible since'there is atendency of the thread to tahgleat the pack age ends where the traversechange direction in substantially the same radius of the bobbinthroughout the entire winding on period. In addition to the tanglingdifliculty, imperfections in the cam and follower mechanisms whichoperate the traverse cause the occurence of humps adjacent the end ofthe package, these humps being of greater diameter than the remainder ofthe package and consequently requiring a longer washing time. It isevident that the additional time required for washing the humps iswasted as regards the remainder of the package and is consequentlyinefficient. These humps also contribute to the production of thread ofnon-'uniform denier and therefore lower quality.

It is therefore, an object of this invention to overcome all of theforegoing difficulties-and to produce wound thread packages havingsuperior washing qualities and the thread per se, havin a more uniformdenier, said packages being characterized by a cylindrical shape andends lying substantially in a plane normal to the package axis.

In accordance with the concept of the present process it is contemplatedthat a wound package of yarn or thread having ends substantiall verticalwith respect to its axis will be produced and will be characterized byconsiderable density while being uniformly permeable throughout tofacilitate any fluid treatment deemed necessary or desirable.

The provision of readily adjustable apparatus for producing woundpackages of uniform permeability under either high or low tension isalso an object of this invention, while the apparatus is contemplatedfor use in ordinary bobbin spinning, in two bath spinning, or in otherwinding operations requiring the production of a dense package ofcontrolled permeability throughout its axial length.

To this end it is contemplated to continuous- 1y wind packages of yarnaccording to a predetermined fixed pattern such as the basket weave" andto relatively axially displace successively wound portions of thepattern to produce a dense cylindrical wound package of controlledpermeability.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will be apparent from aconsideration of the following detailed description of a preferredembodiment thereof in conjunction with the annexed drawings whereinFigure 1 is a schematic perspective view oi a portion of a windingmachine illustrating an assembly including a gear train for driving thebobbins and traverse mechanism in synchronism and an automatic trippingcoupling for effecting intermittent axial displacement of the windingpattern;

Figure 2 is a view in side elevation in partial section of the traversecontrol mechanism;

Figure 3 is a view taken along line 3-4 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a view taken along line 4-4 of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a view taken along line 5-5 of Figure 2;

Figure 6 is a view taken along line 6-6 of Figure 2;

Figure 7 is a view taken along line'11 of Figure 2;

Figure 8 is a view in longitudinal section of a thread package woundaccording to the teachings of this invention illustrating the effect ofintermittent displacement of successively wound portions thereof; and

Figure 9 is a diagrammatic representation of axial displacement of thetraverse path.

Referring to the winding machine shown in Figure 1, it will be seen thata series of yarns l issuing from a spinning bath, not shown, are woundon perforated bobbins II supported and driven by shafts l2. The yarnsIII are laid up in successive courses, axially of bobbins II, by areciprocating traverse bar I3 of conventional form which as shown, isdriven at a rate of speed directly proportional to the speed of rotationof the bobbins.

When it is desirable to effect this synchronism as regards the operatingspeeds of traverse bar l3 and bobbins ll, each is driven indirectly froma single source of power, namely gear I I which is attached to shaft lof a variable speed power source diagrammatically indicated at l5.

To effect a' driving connection between each bobbin II and gear I4, therespective shafts I 2 of bobbins I l are provided with identical gearsl1, gears 11 meshing with identical gears I 8 attached at spacedintervals along a shaft l9. Shaft i5 is driven by gear 14 through gear20 consequence, will cause all of the bobbins II to rotate in the samedirection at a constant speed determined by the speed of rotation ofshaft l5 and the relative diameters of gears II and 20.

. It will be recognized that although only two bobbins are shown inFigure 1,' a large number of such bobbins will be employedsimultaneously in commercial spinning.

The traverse bar l3 which operates in synchronism with bobbins H is alsodriven from gear I 4 although the intermediate driving connections aresomewhat more complex. It will be noted that traverse bar I3 issupported at spaced intervals by arms 21 depend from a rocker shaft 22suitably journaled ina manner not shown. Upon oscillation of rockershaft which are attached to and causing traverse bar I! to reciprocateand by means of suitable guides lay up yarn 10 in superimposed coursesextending axially of each bobbin.

To efl'ect the oscillation of shaft 22 an arm 23 is keyed thereto, thisarm being provided with a cam follower 24 movable in response torotation of a heart-shaped cam 25. Heart cam 25 is mounted for rotationwith a shaft-26 which is provided at one end with a driving gear 21.

Since the rotation of shaft 26 is impartedto cam 25 which controls thereciprocation of traverse bar 12, shaft 26 is driven from gear I!through gear 21 in order to bring about the synchronism discussed above.However, it is desirable that the speed of traverse bar I! beconsiderably less than, although proportional to, the speed of rotationof bobbins II also driven from gear ll. Tothis end, a speed reductiongear train, including gears 28 and 29, is interposed between gear I andgear 21 to reduce the speed of shaft 25 with respect to that of shaftI9.

It will be understood that each of the shafts for the various gears issuitably supported in a Journal not shown. Thus by rotation of shaft 15,movement will be imparted to shaft is through gear 20 and to shaft 26through gears 21, 28, and 29. While but a single gear train for shafts25 and I9 is illustrated in Figure 1, it is contemplated that acommercial installation include a second shaft, such as IS, on theopposite side of the machine, for driving another group of bobbins, saidsecond shaft also being driven from shaft l5 through a gear train. orcourse, on a two sided machine traverse bar l3, rocker shaft 22 and arm23 are also duplicated.

The spinning machine as thus far described, if operated, would causesuperimposed courses of yarn to be built up on the bobbins according toa fixed pattern determined by the speed ratio between traverse bar l3and the periphery of bobbins H. Each course of yarn would, however,exactly correspond to every other course in length. However, during theentire winding on period, the speed of shaft I5 is gradually reduced byoperation of variable speed transmission It so that the takeup orperipheral speed of the bobbins II is maintained constant. also driven,albeit indirectly, from shaft l5 of variable speed transmission l6, itis evident that the speed of operation of traverse bar I: Will belikewise continuously reduced during the winding on period, the speedratio between bobbins II and traverse bar I! being maintained at aconstant value predetermined by the characterand, as a 22, arms 2| willalso oscillate thus istics of gear train 20, 21, 28, and 29. This sychronism, without more, would produce in theory a basket weave in whicheach course of the yarn body would directly overlie each precedingcourse and the yarn body as a whole would be truly cylindrical havingends lying in planes normal to the bobbin axis. Due to the fact that thedevelopment of cam one, however, a lag at the changes of direction wouldresult in humps" adjacent the ends of the package.

To avoid the production of humps resulting from imperfections in the cam25 and the follower linkages driven therefrom, and to avoid tangling ofthread at the end of the package, it is proposed according to thisinvention to intermittently bodily displace cam 25 in a vertical sensethereby to axially displace portions of the wound thread with respect tothereof. To this end a novel .clutch arrangement is provided for drivingcam 25 continuously Since cam 25 is 25 is not truly a straight line ofincreased diameter preceding portions,

from shaft 26, while intermittently vertically displacing the samewithout alteration of its eccentricity.

Referring now to Figure 4, it will be seen that cam 26 is provided witha vertically elongated central aperture so that it is wholly out ofdirect contact with shaft 26. Within the elongate opening of cam 25 anarm 30 is disposed, this arm being entirely free of cam 26 but keyed toshaft 26 and extending radially therefrom. The end of arm 36, remotefrom the point of attachment to shaft 26, has therein a small aperturereceiving a bolt 3| held in position by a nut 32. Bolt 3| extends fromthe end of arm 36 to the right side of the machine as viewed in Figure 2passing through a vertical slot 33. (Figure 5) in a spider 34, said bolt3| being held by a nut- 36 on the other side of spider 34 as may be seenin Figures 2 and 5. Spider 34 is mounted for rotation about acylindrical cam 36 having an eccentric interior bore through which shaft26 passes. It can now be seen that spider 34 will turn about cam 36 as abearing at a speed corresponding to the speed of rotation of shaft 26.the rotation being imparted through arm 36and bolt 3|. Spider 34 servesto drive heart cam 25 and to this end four bolts 31 are provided. Eachbolt 31 is threaded at both ends and is provided with an intermediatepolygonal shank portion of increased cross-sectional area. One end ofeach bolt 31 is passed through an aperture 38 in'cam 25 and through aregistering aperture in spider 34. The end of each bolt on the otherside of the polygonal shank portion is passed through an aperture at 39in a spider -46. Nuts 4| and 42 are then threaded on opposite ends ofeach bolt 31 to draw spider 34 against cam 26 and to draw cam 25 andspider 46 toward one another against the shoulders defined by theportions of bolts 31 which are of increased crosssection area, seeFigures 2 to 5, inclusive.

From the foregoing, it is evident that arm 30 through bolt 3| drivesspider 34, which, through the four bolts 31, drives cam 25 and so causesdisplacement of follower 24 and traversing movement on the part of barl3. While cam 25 is driven from shaft 26, it should be noted that itrotates about the outer surface of cam 36 as an axis. It is likewiseevident that if cam 36 were to be displaced in an angular sense 180 fromthe position shown in Figure 5, cam 25 would be raised vertically withrespect to shaft 26, while its eccentricity with respect to cam 36 wouldremain the same. Such a movement will cause the traverse to begin andend its stroke of uniform length in axially offset radii of bobbins Ii.

The apparatus for effecting intermittent angular displacement of cam 36for 180 is best illustrated in Figures 2, 6 and 7 to which reference isnoW made. In Figure 2 it will be noted that cam 36 in spider 34 isintegrally attached to sleeve 43 fitting concentrically over shaft 26but not connected thereto in any way. This portion 43 of cam 36constitutes a bearing surface for a sleeve 44 which latter carries anintegral worm gear 45 and an integral cam 46 at its opposite ends.Sleeve 44 is freely rotatable about sleeve portion 43 of cam 36 and isheld against axial displacement in one direction by a collar 41 and inthe other direction by hub 48 of a disk 49 which is also mounted onsleeve portion 43 of cam 36 albeit keyed thereto. Near the margin ofdisk 49 it is provided with a boss 56 having an internal aperturethrough which a pin 6| is passed. Keyed to pin 5| at 6,2 is a camfollower lever 63 disposed in a position to be engaged and acted upon bycam 46. At the other end of pin 6| a dog 641s keyed thereto at 66. Dog64 coacts with the surface of a cam 66 which is integral with andconstitutes one end of a sleeve 61. The other end of sleeve 61 consistsof a gear 66 which meshes with and is driven by a gear 69. Gear 69 ismounted on a stub shaft which also carries a gear 69 keyed to itsopposite end. Gear 66 meshes with and is driven by a gear 6| which iskeyed to shaft 26. The stub shaft which supports gears 69 and 66 ismounted in a bearing 62 supported by a bracket 63 from any convenientportion of the machine frame. While gear 6| is keyed to shaft 26, sleeve61 including the integral cam and gear is mounted for free rotation onshaft 26. Sleeve 51 is held against axial displacement in one directionby a collar 64 and in the other direction by the end of sleeve portion43 of cam 36.

Upon reference to Figure 6 it will be noted that disk 49 is providedwith two marginal notches 65 and 66 disposed 180 apart. These notchesare for the reception of a catch 61 urged radially inwardly of disk 49by a spring 66 supported at its end remote from the catch from anysuitable portion of the machine frame. The function of catch 61 is toprevent rotation of disk 49 brought about by frictional engagement withadjacent elements which may be driven. In other words, catch 61. servesto prevent creepage on the part of disk 49 or the cam. 36 to which it iskeyed.

It will be noted that worm gear is in mesh with a worm 69 whichcontinuously drives it in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure6. Worm 69 is driven from a source, not shown. which may be a gear trainconnecting it to shaft 26. Sleeve 51, and consequently cam 56, iscontinuously driven from shaft 26 through gears 6|, 63, 59, and 58. Themotion of cam 56, however, is not nonnally imparted to disk 49 due tothe fact that dog 54 is held in its broken line position of Figure 7 bythe action of cam 46 on cam follower 53. In other words, while follower53 is in engagement with the surface of cam 46 it is raised to thebroken line position of Figure 6. Being keyed to shaft 5|, this positionof follower 53 results in a corresponding position on the part of dog54. Ultimately, however, cam 46 will be displaced by worm gear 45 sothat cam follower 53 will drop inwardly off edge 16 of cam 46 under theaction of spring 1| which is anchored to stud 12 extending from disk 49.

,When this occurs, dog 54 will'be moved to its full line position ofFigure '1. It will then be engaged by edge 13 of cam 56 and the-rotationof the latter will be imparted to the disk which will be caused torotate in the direction of the outer arrow shown on the disk in Figure6. Of course, when disk '49 is rotated cam follower 53' and dog 54 movewith it. Thus, cam follower 53 is brought into engagement with edge 14of cam 46 and is moved radially outwardly by the cam. This restores dog54 to its broken line position and catch 61 arrests movement of disk 49.Since disk 49 is keyed to the sleeve portion 43 of cam 46, it is evidentthat the latter will turn only when the former turns. Furthermore, it isevident that the amplitude ofangular displacement will be when cams 46and 56 are arranged as in Figure 2.

By properly locating edges 19 and 14 of cam 46 and by driving that camat a proper predetermined speed the position of the pattern on partingfrom the spirit and scope of the present invention, e. g., it is notnecessary to drive the bobbin and traverse in synchronism if largesquare packages are to be produced and aftertreated in accordance withthe teachings of my application Serial Number 433,099, filed March 2,1942 In such a case the traverse mechanism may be driven independentlyfrom the bobbin.

It is further contemplated to build packages wherein the type ofcrosswind varies throughout the winding period. More explicitly, thebobbin and traverse may be driven in synchroniam to produce a patternduring the initial stages and then at predetermined periods their ratiochanged or they may even be driven independently to produce randomwinding. The essential end in View is to provide a package which issuificiently permeable in those portions that otherwise could not beproperly washed and aftertreated. As a further method of changing thedensity of portions of the package, the displacement of superimposedlayers may be efiected for only apart of the winding period.

The term "course as employed in the specification and claims is intendedto define the laying up of yarn axially of the rotating bobbin for adistance determined by the length of the stroke of the traverse bar.Axial displaced or axially displacing? means shifting the traverse baraxially of the bobbin or shifting the bobbin axially of the traversebar, for a predetermined period to efiect laying up of a number ofcourses, all superimposed but displaced with respect to coursestherebelow. However, the amplitude of the traverse stroke remains thesame so that if the traverse and bobbin are driven in synchronism thepattern per se will not be altered although portions thereof throughoutthe body of the package will be axially displaced.

Having now described the invention in its preferred form, it isunderstood that variations and modifications may be made therein withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention, and it is desired that thescope thereof be limited only by the spirit of the appended claims.

What-is claimed is:

1. A freshly spun cross-wound package of rayon threads and the like, thepackage being characterized by a plurality of layers of thread,

all of the layers constituting the body of the package being of the sameaxial length and throughout the body thereof at predetermined, spaced,radial points, a group of layers of threads axially displaced withrespect to a group of layers therebelow whereby a cylindrical package isformed having overlapping layers which provide self-supporting endslyingsubstantially in a plane normal to the axis of the package.

2. A freshly spun permeable cross-wound package of rayon threads, eachthread composed of substantially untwisted filaments, the package beingfurther characterized by a plurality of superimposed layers of thread ofthe same axial length wound according to a fixed pattern and throughoutthe body of the package at predetermined points therein, a group oflayers of thread axially displaced with respect to a group of layerstherebelow whereby a cylindrical package is formed having overlappinglayers which provide self-supporting ends lying substantially in a planenormal to the axis of the package and the overall axial length of thepackage being greater than.

5 the layers constituting the body thereof.

3. A method for'the preparation of cylindrical rayon cross-woundpackages having ends lying substantially in a plane normal to the axisthereof which comprises winding freshly spun rayon threads onto a bobbinand throughout the winding period guiding the thread transversely auniform distance across the surface of the package to form successivecourses of equal axial length and at predetermined intervals axiallydisplacing a plurality of courses to form overlapping layers havingself-supporting square ends.

4. A method for the preparation of cylindrical rayon cross-woundpackages having ends lying substantially in a plane normal to the axisthereof which comprises collecting a freshly spun thread on a bobbin andguiding it transversely a uniform distanc across the surface of thepackage to form successive courses of equal axial length, iorming apermeable package by superimposing '25 a plurality of layers'oi threadon the bobbin according to a predetermined fixed pattern and, throughoutthe winding period, axially displacing a group of layers at intervals toform overlapping layers having self-supporting square ends. v

5. A method for the preparation of large crosswound packages of freshlyspun rayon which comprises collecting such thread on a bobbin at asubstantially constant linear speed and guiding it transversely auniform distance across the surface of the package to form successivecourses of equal axial length, maintaining a constant ratio between therotational speed of the bobbin and rate at which the thread is laidtransversely 0 thereof to produce a predetermined pattern and axiallydisplacing a group of layers at intervals throughout the winding periodto form a cylindrical package of greater axial length than the layersconstituting the body thereof, said layers overlapping to provideself-supporting square ends.

6. An apparatus for winding threads andthe like into cylindricalcross-Wound packages having ends lying substantially in a plane normalto the axis thereof which comprises a driven bobbin, a traversemechanism including a thread guide moveable transversely of the bobbin,means for driving the traverse mechanism so that the stroke amplitude ofthe guide is maintained constant throughout the winding period and meansfor axially displacingthepath of the traverse guide to displace thewindings on the package to provide overlapping layers havingself-supporting square ends.

'7. An apparatus for cross-winding thread in package form whichcomprises a bobbin, a traverse mechanism, means for driving said bobbinand said traverse mechanism in synchronism to produce a pattern wind andmeans for axially displacing the path of the traverse guide to displacethe windings on the package, without altering the pattern per se, toprovide a permeable cylindrical package having ends lying substantiallyin a plane normal to the axis of the bobbin.

8. An apparatus for cross-winding thread in package form which comprisesa. bobbin, 9. traverse member, means for driving said bobbin and saidmember in synchronism-and for maintaining the stroke amplitude of thetraverse member constant throughout the winding period to prosaid camand bobbin in synchronism.

duceapatternwindofuniiormaxiallengthandmeansiorasiallydisplacingthepathcfflietraverseguidewdlspiaccthewindinssonthepackagewhereby a permeablccylindricslpacksgshavingendslyingsnbstantiallyinaplanenormal totheasisofthebobbinisformed.

9.Appsratuslorcross-windingthreadinpackageiormwhichcompriseaabobbimtraversemeansforproducingreclprocatingstrukesina,patholconstantunplitudameansactingcnssid traversemesnstoperiodicallydisplace axially thepathofreciprocationodthelattensndmemnfordrivingsaidtraversemeansandsaidbohbininsynchronmwherebyapermeablecylindrical packagehavingitsendslyinginaplanenormal-totheaxlsofthebobbinmaybelmapparahisiorcross-windingthreadsandthelikemtoacylindricalpackagehavlngends lyingsubstantiallyinaplanenormaltctheaxisthereofwhichcomprises,abobbin,athreadguide,

a bell crank linkage for reciprocating said guidelengthwiseofthebobbimacamfor operatingsaidlinkagetocontrolthecharacterandlengthof stroke of the guide, meansdefining a bearing for saidcam,saidcambeingiixedwithrespect-to saidbearing means for rotation thereabout as anaxis,meansiorperiodicallyverticallydisplacins' saidbearingmeanstoaxiallydisplaee thepath of reciprocation oftheguide,andmeans fordrivinssaidcamandbobbininsynchronism.

11. Apparatus forcross-windingthreadandthe likeintoacylindrical packagehavingendslying substantiallyinaplanenormal'totheaxisthereof whichcomprises, a bobbin,'a thread guide, a

bell crank linkage for reciprocating said guide lengthwise of thebobbin, a cam for operating saidshafttoaxiallydisplacethephofredvmcationoitheguide,and-meansfordrivingthecamandbobbinmsynchronism.

13. Apparatus for orn-winding thread and thelike into a cylindricalhaving ends lyingsubstantiallyinaplanenormaltotheaxis thereofwhichcomprises, abobbimathread guide,

abellcranklinkageforreciprocatingsaidguidelengthwiseoithebobbimacamioroperating said linkage to control thecharacter snelmgth synchronism therefrom and means including aspeedreductiongeartrainfordrivingsaidcam means from said power source.

14; Apparatus for crowwinding thread and thelikeintoacylindricalpackagehavingendslying substantially in aplanenormal to the axis'thereof which comprises, a bobbin, a threadguide, a bell crank linkage ior reciprocating said guide lengthsaldlinkage to control the character and length of stroke of the guide, asleeve constituting a bearing surface for said cam, a shaft, said sleevebeing eccentrically mounted on said shaft,- said cam being mounted torotate about said. sleeve with the center of the latter as an. axis,means for periodically. angularly displacing said sleeve about saidshait to axially displace the path of reciprocation of the guide, andmeans for driving 12. Apparatus for cross-winding thread and the likeinto a cylindrical package having endslyingsubstantiallyinaplanenormaltotheaxis thereof which comprises, abobbin, 9, thread guide, a bell crank linkage for reciprocating saidguide lengthwise of the bobbin, a cam for operating said linkage tocontrol the character and length of stroke of, the guide, a sleeveconstituting a bearing surface tor-said cam, a shaft, said sleevebeingeccentrically mounted on said shaft. said cam being mounted to rotateabout said sleeve withthecenterofthelatterasanaxiameans for periodicallyturning said sleeve'180' about wiseotthebobbimacamforoperatingaidlinkage to control the character and len h of stroke of the guide, asleeve constituting a bearing surface for-said cam, a shaft, said sleevebeing eccentrically mountedon said shaft, said cam being mounted torotate about said sleeve with thecenterofthelatterasanaxis,adisk,saiddisk being keyed to sairl sleeve'forrotation therewith, a clutch element, means for driving said clutchelement from said shaft, a coacting clutch element carried by said disk,resilient means biasing said last named element to engaged position, a

second cam acting on said last named element in opposition to saidspring means to bias the clutch to diseng ged position, a portion ofsaid second cam being of configuration to release said last namedelement to permit the resilient means to engage the clutch so that thedisk and the sleeve to which it is keyed may be turned, a power source,means for driving said cam and bobbin in synchronism, and independentmeans for continuously rotating said second cam at a reduced speed."

15. Iii-apparatus as claimed in claim 14, resil ient means for holdingsaid disk against creepage.

L. Jackson.

